www.punchscan.org David Chaum (www.chaum.com) is the inventor of many cryptographic protocols and has contributed to the advancement of electronic cash. Chaum founded DigiCash, an electronic cash company, in 1990. Additionally, in 1982 he founded the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR), which currently organizes some of the most important academic conferences in cryptography research.
Now he is applying the same base of research, mathematics and thinking to other real world problems, such as e-democracy.
Punchscan is the first vote capture system to offer fully end-to-end (E2E) verifiability of election results. Punchscan moves beyond ordinary paper audit trails offering a far more robust and available way for voters to become involved in the election oversight process.
There are many other applications one could envisage.
Also see:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Chaum
http://idtrail.org/content/view/28/43/